Can I claim from the airline for a delay that was unacceptable?

I had a flight to Rhodes to see the lunar eclipse. My flight out would arrive about 3 hours before the eclipse. The return just after. But my flight out was delayed 6 hours which means if I took it I would miss the eclipse and arrive too late for the return flight! So I took a flight out with a different airline. Can I claim the cost from the first airline who were at fault?-